“My Very Honorable Patron”: First Court Poet Simeon of Polotsk and His Patron Fellow Boyar Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo

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Category: Hermeneutics of Old Russian Literature: Issue 25
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The article was written on the basis of the RANEPA state assignment research programme.
Abstract:

The article examines a model of patron-client relationships between the first Russian court poet and preacher Simeon of Polotsk (1629–1680) and fellow boyar, master of arms, and administrator of the Kremlin palaces Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo (c. 1615–1680). Starting with the 19th c., the scholarship identified Bogdan Matveevich as one of the most powerful patrons of Simeon; however, their relationships, i.e. specific signs of patronage from the boyar and specific literary works, performed by Simeon for his patron, have not enjoyed researchers’ attention. Khitrovo’s patronage was above all connected to his court service, as well as to his personal interests: the allowance, received by Simeon from the Tsar’s court, was managed by the fellow boyar and palace administrator, while West-oriented art interests of Khitrovo made him a perfect patron of arts. Literary works, written by Simeon for his patron, go far beyond several panegyrical poems, known already to the poet’s first biographer I.A. Tatarskii. Thus, four sermons from the collection titled “Vecheria dushevnaia” were written by Simeon for Khitrovo and spoken in churches located in Khitrovo’s estates. Finally, in manuscript no. 229 from Sinodal’noe manuscript collection of the State Historical Museum, there are tree significant texts, comprised by Simeon and connected to Bogdan Matveevich, and barely known to researchers: introductory passage to Khitrovo’s last will, introduction to the book of contributions of the Peremyshl Trinity Liutikov monastery and introduction to the book of contributions of the Trinity monastery of St. Sergius. Studied as a single complex, these texts give a clear picture of a model of patron-client relationships of the first court poet and fellow boyar in the last quarter of the 17th c. In the supplement to the article, introductory passage to Khitrovo’s last will with commentary is published for the first time, together with the systematized list of Khitrovo’s contributions to various churches and monasteries.
Keywords: Simeon of Polotsk, Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo, last will, necrology, book of contributions, patronage, patron-client relationships
Author: Anastasia A. Preobrazhenskaya
Information about the author:

Anastasia A. Preobrazhenskaya, PhD in Philology, Senior Research Fellow, Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Volkhonka St., 25A, bld. 18.2, 119019 Moscow, Russia.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-9057

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
For citation:

Preobrazhenskaya, A.A. “‘My Very Honorable Patron’: First Court Poet Simeon of Polotsk and His Patron Fellow Boyar Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo.” Germenevtika drevnerusskoi literatury [Hermeneutics of Old Russian Literature]. Issue 25. Ed.-in-chief O.A. Tufanova, sci. ed. M.V. Kaplun. Moscow, IWL RAS Publ., 2026, pp. 587–634. https://doi.org/10.22455/HORL.1607-6192-2026-25-587-634 (In Russian)
EDN:

https://elibrary.ru/DRMOBE
UDC: 821.161.1.0
Publication Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22455/HORL.1607-6192-2026-25-587-634

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